Pauda hoʻemi kaumaha

1. Weight Loss Drug History

ʻO nā kinona mua o nā mea kaulike, i kapaʻia he mau mea'āpana momona i kēlā manawa, i loaʻa i ka pauʻana o 1800s. ʻOiaiʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hana i kekahi hopena koʻikoʻi nui, ua hoʻomauʻia ka hoʻohanaʻiaʻana a hiki i nā 1960s.

Ua hoʻokomoʻia kekahi lāʻau hou i kapaʻiaʻo Dinitrophenol i nā 1930s a ua lilo i mea kaulana loa i ka mālamaʻana i ka poho kaumaha. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau kahi i hoʻoikaikaʻia i loko o ke kino, kōkua i ka pohō kaumaha.

Ma waena o ka 1950s, loaʻa nā amphetamines a lilo i mea lapaʻau maʻamau. Hoʻomaopopoʻo ia i nā lilo o nā kaumaha ma kaʻokiʻana i kaʻai. I loko o ke kaumaha, ua hoʻonuiʻia ka hopena o ka hanuʻana o ka pulmonary, a ka hopena o ka weheʻana mai ka mākete ma 1968.

Ma nā 1970s, ua lilo ka ephedrine i mea mālamaʻia no ke kaumaha o ke kaumaha. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau, akā naʻe, ua hopena i kekahi mau meaʻino i hiki ai ke haʻiʻia he mea weliweli.

2. Weight Loss Drug Classification

Hoʻopiliʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau iʻekolu mahele nui e like me kā lākou hana hana a penei:

(1) Hoʻopale i ka'āpana (Diet)

ʻO nā lāʻauʻona e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kaʻai ka mea i kapaʻia he sympathomimetic agents. Hoʻomaʻa pinepine lākou i ka meaʻai i ka hoʻonāukiukiʻana i ka noho maʻalahi ma mua o ka mea maʻamau. ʻO kaʻoluʻolu ka "piha" a me ka loaʻaʻana o kaʻai. Hanaʻia nā mea e hoʻopili ai i ka mea hoʻohana i ka neurotransmitter i loko o ka lolo kanaka e hoʻomalu i ka'ōpū, i kapaʻiaʻo noradrenaline (NA).

Hoʻokaʻawale kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau i kahi ʻano kemika like me NA a hiki; ʻO ka hopena e hoʻopaʻa i nā mea loaʻa like me ka noradrenaline. ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻi e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana noradrenaline i ka "waena hānai" o ka lolo kanaka, ka hypothalamus. ʻO ka hypothalamus kanaka ke hoʻomalu i ke koena o ka ikehu i loko o ke kino. Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hale kūʻai ikehu pākahi i loko o ka hypothalamus e hoʻoponopono ai i ka ʻai a me ka makemake. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o Noradrenaline a me ka hana i loko o ka hypothalamus he hopena hōʻemi i ka ʻai. ʻO ia mau lāʻau lapaʻau penei:

❶ Lorcaserin HCL(Belviq) CAS: 1431697-94-7

❷ Rimonabant HCL CAS: 158681-13-1

❸ DNP CAS: 119-26-6

(2) Ka momona

Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻopau i ka momona ke kōkua i ka lilo ʻana o ka momona ma o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka makemake, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka metabolism, a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻai olakino. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonui i ka hiki ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ikehu a me ka nānā ʻana. ʻO ia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e like me:

❶ Synephrine CAS: 94-07-5

❷ DMAA/1,3-Dimethylpentylamine CAS: 13803-74-2

(3) Hoʻonui i ka digestion

ʻO kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono e hana ai ma ka paleʻana me ka hikiʻana o ka'ōnaehana hōʻona e hoʻomohu i nā meaʻai e pono ai i ka meaʻai. No ka laʻana, uaʻikeʻiaʻo Orlistat e kāohi i ka momona o ka momona a no laila ke pale nei i ka hoʻonaninalu momona. Ua hoʻohanaʻia kekahi mau mea'ē aʻe i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻaʻana i ka caloric a me ka hōʻinoʻana i ka hōʻomi. Ma kēia pāhana, e kūkākūkā kākou i nā mea hou e pili ana i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau:

❶ Orlistat CAS: 96829-58-2

❷ Cetilistat CAS: 282526-98-1

3. ʻO 3 Loaʻa kaulana loa i ka pauda kaumaha ma ka mākeke

(1) Orlistat CAS: 96829-58-2

ʻO Orlistat kekahi mea hoʻokipa pāʻani pancreatic a me ka lipase lipid. Hoʻopiliʻia nā'āpana triglycerides a pau me ke kōkuaʻana o nā pancreatic and lipst lipases. Hiki i nā lipases enzymatically e hoʻohiolo i nā triglycerides i loko o nā mea momona momona liʻiliʻi e hiki ke hoʻomohuʻia ma hope o nā'ōpū liʻiliʻi. Hoʻopiliʻia nā mea pāpālua a me nā'āpana lipase Gastric a me ka pancreatic me nā pancreatic and lipstases i loko o ka lumen o ka'ōpū liʻiliʻi a me ka'ōpū e hana ana i kēia mau enzymes hikiʻole ke hana pono.

Ma o ka hanaʻoleʻana i nā hana o kēia mau lipases, hiki keʻaʻaʻia ka momona momona o nā meaʻai, a ua hoʻokuʻuʻia nā triglycerides i loko o nā feces. ʻO Orlistat ka lāʻau lapaʻau palekana e pale ai i ka 30 ka nui o nā momonaʻai mai kaʻaiʻana mai ka hoʻokomoʻana i ka'ōnaehana kino kanaka (i ka manawa o 30 ka nui o ka ikehu i nā meaʻai e nā triglycerides). ʻO ka emiʻana o ka haʻawina kaumaha ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki me ka hui pūʻia o Xenical (orlistat) a me ka hoʻololiʻana i keʻano o ka nohoʻana, e puni ana i ka 8.5 kg.

Me ka laweʻana i ka laweʻana o nā triglycerides meaʻai, a iʻole e huli i ka paukū pau o nā meaʻai i:

• Loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi i ke koko;
• E ho'ēmi i ka cholesterol absorption a no laila ke kiʻekiʻe cholesterol (me ka LDL cholesterol);
• Hoʻonui i ka pale ʻana i ka insulin; a
• Hoʻonui i ka mana glycemic.

Manaʻo nui ʻia ka hopena o ka ʻōpū o ka orlistat i ke ʻano like me ka hoʻoikaika maikaʻi ʻole, e paipai ana i ka poʻe ma kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e pili pono i ka meaʻai haʻahaʻa momona.

(2) Nā CASIDILO CAS: 282526-98-1

ʻO Cetilistat kahi mea hoʻoikaika waha, novel, pancreatic a me gastrointestinal lipase inhibitor. ʻO ka lāʻau hoʻemi kaumaha ʻo Cetilistat he lāʻau lapaʻau i hana ʻia e mālama i ka momona. He hana like ia e like me ka lāʻau i kūkākūkā ʻia ma mua i kapa ʻia ʻo Xenical (orlistat) ma ke kāohi ʻana i ka lipase pancreatic, ka enzyme e wāwahi i nā triglycerides i loko o ko mākou ʻōpū. Me ka loaʻa ʻole o kēia mau enzymes, ʻaʻole e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā triglycerides mai kā mākou meaʻai i loko o nā ʻakika momona manuahi e hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hoʻoneʻe ʻia mai ke kino me ka ʻole ʻole.

I loko o nā hoʻokolohuaʻokoʻa e pili ana i nā maʻi kūpona me ka maʻi maʻamauʻole 2 a ma nā maʻi kikowaena e noho ana me ka maʻi maʻamauʻo 2. I ka manawa i lawelaweʻia ai ka pahūʻana o ka pauhana kaumaha no nā hebedoma heʻumikumamālua, ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa nuiʻia ke kaumaha o ke kino, ka cholesterol piha, ka liʻiliʻi lipoprotein cholesterol ma muli o ka placebo.

ʻO ka pākēneka o nā mea hōʻeha kūpono e hōʻike ana i ka ho'ēmi ikiʻana o ke kaumaha o ke kino o ka 5 ka nui ma mua o nā lima hana a pau e like me ka placebo. I ka nui o nā maʻi diabetic, ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa nuiʻia nā HbA1c (kiʻekiʻe hemoglobin glycosylated). Ua hōʻikeʻia keʻano palekana o kēia olakino kaumaha ma muli o ka hopena o ka hopena, me ka hopena i ka steatorrhea (keʻano o ka gastrointestinal) me ka hopena iʻoi aku ma mua o ka mea i loko o kolistlist. Ua hōʻoia kokeʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i Iapana e mālama i ka momona me nā pilikia'ē aʻe.

(3) Lorcaserin HCL(Belviq) CAS: 1431697-94-7

4.Pehea e kūʻai ai i ka pauka paona maikaʻi ma ka pūnaewele?

E like me kaʻikeʻia mai kā mākou kūkākūkā kūkākūkā, nui nā lāʻau'alomolo kaumaha i loaʻa ma laila e laweʻia mai ana mai kahi pūnaeweleʻano nui. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau uaʻikeʻia he mea kūpono, a ua'āponoʻia kekahi o lākou e nā mana'ē aʻe e like me FDA a me Iapana, e haʻi aku i kekahi, no ka mālamaʻana i ka momona.

Ma hope o ka hoʻolilo ʻana i nā hola he nui i ka noiʻi ʻana i nā lāʻau hoʻemi kaumaha, ua hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i kekahi mau mea kūʻai maikaʻi loa o 2018 World's Weight Loss Powder Supplements. ʻO kēia mau mea hoʻopihapiha paona kaumaha e komo pū me ka pauka pohō kaumaha orlistat a me ka pauka pohō kaumaha o lorcaserin. ʻAʻole like me nā mea hoʻopihapiha hoʻēmi kaumaha i loaʻa ma kekahi hale kūʻai lāʻau, ʻo kēia mau lāʻau hoʻohaʻahaʻa kaumaha i kuhikuhi ʻia e nā kauka lapaʻau i hala i nā makahiki o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana no ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hōʻailona mai ka FDA a me kekahi mau ʻāina ʻē aʻe. Manaʻo nui mākou e hoʻāʻo i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ka mea ua hōʻoia ʻia ʻaʻole maikaʻi wale nō akā palekana no ka hoʻohana.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau pehea e kūʻai ai i ka pauka pohō kaumaha orlistat pauka a me ka pauka lorcaserin hcl. Nui nā mea hoʻolako pauka pohō kaumaha ma ka pūnaewele a pono e noʻonoʻo i ka mea maikaʻi loa iā ʻoe. Pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i ka maikaʻi o nā huahana a inā hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia iā ʻoe ma kahi palekana, inā pono ʻoe e kūʻai i ka pauka pohō kaumaha ma ka nui, pono ʻoe e ʻike inā ʻo kā lākou ʻōnaehana lako a paʻa paha, e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i ka laʻana kauoha ma mua o ka nui. kauoha, lawe ia e hoao ma ka oihana 3^rd- labs a nānā i ka maikaʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mea hoʻolako kiʻekiʻe, pono ʻoe e hoʻonui i ka manawa a me ka ikaika.

NPP